Continues: The fragile empire : a history of Imperial Russia.

Includes bibliographical references (p. [285]-310) and index.

Machine generated contents note: Preface 1 -- Introduction 5 -- Part One: The Background19 -- 1. "Old Regime" Russia21 -- Geopolitical Evolution of the Russian State 21 -- Paradoxes of Tsarist Russia 23 -- 2. Political Culture 31 -- "Too Asiatic for the Europeans and too -- European for the Asians" 32 -- Egalitarianism and Communalism 34 -- "Orthodoxy-Autocracy-Nationality" 36 -- Russian Contemporary Political Culture 38 -- 3. Soviet Ideology 41 -- Main Tenets of Classical Marxism 41 -- Marxism-Leninism 44 -- Marxism versus Human Nature 45 -- 4. The Soviet Political System50 -- Dictatorship of the Proletariat 50 -- "All Power to the Soviets!" 51 -- The Party of a New Type 52 -- The "Party-State" 54 -- The Nomenklatura 58 -- 5. Soviet Nationalities61 -- The "Red Federated Empire" 61 -- Sorting out the "Nationalities Question" 65 -- 6. Serfdom-Capitalism-Socialism72 -- Russia's Early Experience with Capitalism 72 -- Tsarist Industrialization 74 -- The Command Economy 76 -- Part Two: The Socialist Experiment81 -- 7. The Beginnings of the Socialist Transformation83 -- Consolidating One-Party Dictatorship 83 -- Civil War and War Communism: 1918-20 84 -- New Economic Policy: 1921-28 89 -- 8. "Great Leap" to Socialism92 -- The Rise of Stalin 92 -- The Industrialization Debate: 1925-28 94 -- Collectivization of Agriculture 97 -- 9. Stalinism101 -- Industrialization 101 -- Five-Year Plans 103 -- Characteristics of Stalinism 106 -- 10. From World War to Cold War111 -- The Soviet-German Nonaggression Pact 111 -- The Great Patriotic War: 1941-45 115 -- Turning the Tide 119 -- Stalinism versus Fascism 122 -- The Onset of the Cold War 125 -- 11. Khrushchev and De-Stalinization130 -- Stalin's Legacy 130 -- The "Secret" Speech 133 -- "Khrushchevism" 138 -- 12. Brezhnev's "Mature" Socialism 143 -- Advent of Brezhnev 143 -- Roots of Stagnation 145 -- The Soviet Decline 147 -- 13. Cracks in the Soviet Monolith151 -- Models of Soviet/Russian Power 151 -- The Rise of Cultural and Academic Pluralism 154 -- Dissidence 159 -- Totalitarianism with Corporatist and Pluralist Subsystems 163 -- Part Three: From Reform Socialism to Deformed Capitalism167 -- 14. The Command Economy in Crisis169 -- Internal and External Pressures for Economic Reform 169 -- Gorbachev's Perestroika 171 -- Perestroika's Economic Strategies and Their Results 174 -- 15. The Collapse of the Political System179 -- "Democratization" and "New Thinking" 179 -- The Course of Political Reform 181 -- Results of Political Reform 187 -- 16. Unraveling the Unitary State190 -- The Rise of Popular and Nationalist Movements 190 -- Key Factors in the USSR's Collapse 194 -- 17. Return to a Market Economy198 -- "Shock Therapy" and Its Consequences 198 -- Nomenklatura Privatization 203 -- "Crony Capitalism" 205 -- 18. Handicaps of Russia's Capitalist Transformation210 -- The Role of National Characteristics 210 -- The "Survival" Economy 214 -- 19. The Yeltsin Era219 -- "Democrator" 219 -- Parties and Elections 224 -- Yeltsin's Legacy 231 -- 20. Russia in Search of an Identity237 -- The Commonwealth of Independent States 237 -- Post-Soviet Geopolitics 239 -- Russian Federalism 243 -- The Chechen Problem 246 -- 21. Prospects for the New Century254 -- Who Is Putin? 254 -- Recentralizing the State 259 -- "Deprivatizing" the State 263 -- "Controlled" Democracy 269 -- Notes 277 -- Selected Bibliography of English-Language Sources285 -- Selected Bibliography of Russian-Language Sources302 -- Index 311.